![]() ![]() Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are a subtype of pluripotent stem cells that originate from a differentiated cell source, such as skin fibroblasts or blood cells (Figure 2) they may be considered less controversial, and may negate some immunological issues associated with hESC-based therapies. They are a promising source for stem cell-based therapy but, like fetal progenitor cells, raise potential ethical considerations. ![]() ![]() Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were first cultured in 1998 and have the potential to differentiate into all cell types (Figure 1). Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs), by definition, are able to differentiate into all endodermal, mesodermal and ectodermal lineages. In this article, we’ll focus on human studies of stem cell-based ocular therapy. The pluripotent embryonic stem cells are then differentiated into retinal pigment epithelium, photoreceptor precursors or other cell types using various methods.Īndidates in development. The inner cell mass is isolated from the blastocyst and cultured. Food and Drug Administration, though there are several cįigure 1. To date, however, no stem cell-based therapy for retinal disease has been approved by the U.S. These traits make them excellent candidates as potential treatments for various diseases. Stem cells, currently under investigation for the treatment of age-related macular degeneration and other retinal disorders, are characterized by the ability to differentiate into multiple cell lineages, and an unlimited self-renewal capacity. ![]()
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